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Atatürk, şapka nutkunda fesi bir Yunan şapkası olarak tanımlamış. Ancak fesin Fas'ın Fes şehrinde (ki ismini de buradan alır) icat edildiği ve Kuzey Afrikalı Müslüman halklar arasında yaygınlaştığı ve onlardan Osmanlı İmparatorluğuna geçtiği biliniyor. Bazı tarihçiler fesin geçmişinin M.S. 980 yılına kadar uzandığını iddia eder. Peki eski Yunan'da fes kullanma geleneğinin varlığını gösteren tarihsel bir kanıt var mı?

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fez

 

The fez was introduced into the Balkans[citation needed], initially during the Byzantine reign, and subsequently during the Ottoman period where various Slavs, mostly Bosniaks and Serbs, started wearing the head-wear.[citation needed]

The fez is a part of the traditional clothing of Cyprus, and is still worn by some Cypriots today. Traditionally, women wore a red fez over their heads, instead of a headscarf, while men wore a black or red cap.[5] The fez was sometimes worn by men with material (similar to a wrapped keffiyeh or turban) around the base. In his 1811 journey to Cyprus, John Pinkerton describes the fez, "a red cap turned up with fur", as "the proper Greek dress".[6] In the Karpass Peninsula, white caps are worn, a style considered to be based on ancient Cypriot Hellenic-Phoenician attire, thus preserving men's head-wear from 2,700 years earlier.[7]

220px-MahmutII.jpg
 
Portrait of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II after his clothing reforms.

In 1826 Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire suppressed the Janissaries and began sweeping reforms of the military. His modernized military adopted Western style uniforms and, as headdresses, the fez with a cloth wrapped around it. In 1829 the Sultan ordered his civil officials to wear the plain fez, and also banned the wearing of turbans.[8] The intention was to coerce the populace at large to update to the fez, and the plan was successful. This was a radically egalitarian measure, which replaced the elaborate sumptuary laws that signaled rank, religion, and occupation, allowing prosperous non-Muslims to express their wealth in competitions with Muslims, foreshadowing the Tanzimat reforms. Although tradesmen and artisans generally rejected the fez,[9] it became a symbol of modernity throughout the Near East, inspiring similar decrees in other nations (such as Iran in 1873).[8]

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